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ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ

ื ืžืฆืื• 57 ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืžื•ื ื—ื™ ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ

  • ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2025

    ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื™ื, ืขืœ ืืฃ ืขื•ื ืชื™ื•ืช ืžืืชื’ืจืช ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜, ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืจืฉืžื• ืขืœื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ืขื•ื ืช ื”ื“ื•"ื—ื•ืช ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื” ื‘ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ 12% ื‘ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืขื ืคื™ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”, ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช. ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข, ืชืฉื•ืืช ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ืขืžื“ื” ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ืขืœ ืœืžืขืœื” ืž-1%, ืžืฉืงืฃ ืชืฉื•ืื” ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ืฉืœ ื›ืžืขื˜ 9% ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื ื•ืืจ ืขื“ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜. ื™ืฉืจืืœ: ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉืงืฃ ืœื—ืฆื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื ื™ื›ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืขื–ื”: ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืจื“ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘-0.7%, ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืื™ ื•ืืคืจื™ืœ, ื•ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืื˜ื” ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช. ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื” ืจืง ื—ืœืงื™ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืžืขืจื›ื” ืžื•ืœ ืื™ืจืืŸ, ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื” ืžืคืฆื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”. ืกืงืจ ืืžื•ืŸ ื”ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื ืžืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ื™ื—ืœืฉื•ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืฉืงื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื—ืกื•ืš. ื”ื’ื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื™ืจื“ ืœ-4.8% ืืš ื ื•ืชืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ืขื ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช ืžืขืœ 5% ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืžืก ืžืชื•ื ื•ืช. ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืื•ืจ ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื ืจืฉืžื” ื‘ืกืงืจ ื”ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื, ืฉื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืงืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™. ื’ื ืฉื•ืง ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื—ื–ืจ ืœืจืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืจื‘ ื”ืžืขืจื›ื” ืžื•ืœ ืื™ืจืืŸ: ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื”ืจื—ื‘ ื™ืจื“ ืœ-3.5% ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” 9.2% ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ื•ืœื™ ืขืœื” ื‘-0.4%, ื›ืฉื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื‘-12 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื ื•ืชืจื” ืขืœ 3.1%. ืกืขื™ืคื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื™ืจื“ื• ืžืขื˜ ืžื”ืฆืคื™, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืขืœื• ืžืขืœื™ื•. ืงื“ื™ืžื”, ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืชื›ื ืก ืœ-2%, ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื™ืขื“ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืžื” ืฉืคื•ืชื— ืคืชื— ืœื”ื•ืจื“ื•ืช ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื”. ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืœ 4.5%, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื•ื”ื’ื™ืื•ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื”. ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื ืžื•ื›ื”, ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื ื˜ ืฆืจื›ื ื™ ื—ืœืฉ ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ืจื™ืช ืžืจืกื ืช ืฆืคื•ื™ ืœื”ื›ื‘ื™ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืง ื’ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื”. ืืจื”"ื‘: ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืขื• ืขืœ ื”ื™ื—ืœืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืฆื“ ื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ื ื•ืกืคื• ืจืง 73 ืืœืฃ ืžืฉืจื•ืช, ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืชื—ืช ืœืฆืคื™ (110 ืืœืฃ), ื•ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืคื•ืจืกื ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื›ืœืคื™ ืžื˜ื” ืฉืœ 258 ืืœืฃ ืžืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื. ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื’ื™ื•ืก ื ืจืฉื ื‘ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ืขืœื” ืœ-4.2%, ืชื•ืš ื”ืžืฉืš ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช. ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืœืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ 3.3% ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ (ืฉื ืชื™), ืžืขื˜ ืžืขืœ ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™. ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื ื‘ืข ืžื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื” ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืขืœื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืชื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื ื•ืชืจื” ืžื‘ื•ืงืจืช ื™ื—ืกื™ืช: ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืขืœื” ื‘-0.2%, ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ 2.7%. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ืขืœื” ื‘-0.3% ื•ื”ืื™ืฅ ืืช ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืœ-3.1%. ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืื˜, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืชืจื• ืกื˜ื’ื ื˜ื™ื™ื. ืžื“ื“ื™ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื•ืœืฉื”: ืžื“ื“ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื™ืจื“ ืœ-48 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช โ€“ ืžืชื—ืช ืœืจืžืช ื”ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฆื•ืช, ืขื ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ื™ื•ื ื™ 2020. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื™ืจื“ ืœ-50.1 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ืชืขืกื•ืงื”, ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื ื•ื™ื™ืฆื•ื ื ื—ืœืฉื•, ื•ืœืขื•ืžืชื ืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืื™ืฅ. ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื”, ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ืขืœื• ื‘-0.5% ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜, ื‘ื”ื•ื‘ืœืช ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ืจื™ื”ื•ื˜, ืืš ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ื ื—ืœืฉ ืœ-3.9%. ืื™ืจื•ืคื”: ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™, ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืฆืžื— ื‘-0.1%, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™. ื’ืจืžื ื™ื” ื•ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื” ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฅ, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฆืจืคืช ื•ืกืคืจื“ ื”ืฆื™ื’ื• ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืžืชื•ื ื” ืขื“ ื ืื”. ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ื ื•ืชืจื” ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ 2%, ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื“ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ 2.3%, ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืจืฆื•ืคื™ื. ืžื“ื“ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ืจื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ืช ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืื– 2022, ืขื ืงืจื™ืื” ืฉืœ 50.5 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช; ืกืขื™ืคื™ ืชืคื•ืงื” ื•ื”ื–ืžื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืขืœื• ืœืจืžื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื” ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื, ืืš ืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื—ื•ืœืฉื”. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืœ 50 ืืš ื”ืื˜ ืงืœื•ืช ืœ-50.7. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ืขืœื• ื‘-0.3% ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜, ืžืขื˜ ืžืชื—ืช ืœืฆืคื™, ืืš ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ื”ืื™ืฅ ืœ-3.1%, ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2024. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื ื˜ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื™ืจื“ ื‘ื—ื“ื•ืช ืœ-25.1 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืž-36.1. *ื”ืกืงื™ืจื” ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืœื™ื•ื 01.09.2025 ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื•/ืื• ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžื•ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื— | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืžื“ื ื™ื, ืฉืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ื•ื™ืชื‘ืจืจื• ื›ื—ืกืจื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืกืงื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™ ืื• ื›ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื•ืžืžืฆื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื™โ€œืข ื•/ืื• ื‘ื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื, ื–ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ

  • ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ื•ืœื™ 2025

    ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืชืจืื• ื‘ืกืงื™ืจื” ืžื˜ื”, ืขืœื™ื•ืช ื ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืงื™ ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ ื•ื‘ืžื”ืœืš 2025 ื—ื™ื–ืงื• ืืช ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืืคื™ืง ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื•ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžื ื™ื™ืชื™ื™ื, ื›ืš ืฉืชืจื•ืžืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ื•ืœื™ ืœืชืฉื•ืื•ืช ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืขืœ 1% ืœืขืจืš ื•-1.8% ืœืขืจืš ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื. ื™ืฉืจืืœ: โ€ข ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื•ืฉื•ืง ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” โ€“ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ื—ื“ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ ืœืื—ืจ ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืกื™ื•ื ืžื‘ืฆืข "ืขื ื›ืœื‘ื™ื". ืฉื•ืง ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช: ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื•ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ 4.5% ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื. โ€ข ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” โ€“ ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืขืœื” ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ืืช 2026 ืœ-4.6% ืฆืžื™ื—ื”. โ€ข ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ืจื™ืช โ€“ ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื ื•ืชืจื” 4.5% ืขื ืฆืคื™ ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืœ-3.75% ื‘-2026 2Q ื‘ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœื”ืชื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ืœ-2%. ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ: ืขืœื™ื™ืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœื—ืฆื™ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™. โ€ข ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” โ€“ ืžื“ื“ ื™ื•ื ื™ ืขืœื” ื‘-0.3% (ืฉื ืชื™ 3.3%), ื‘ื”ื•ื‘ืœืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื˜ื™ืกื•ืช ืœื—ื•"ืœ ื•ื“ื™ื•ืจ. ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื—ืœื•ืคื™ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืœื—ืฅ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช, ืžื” ืฉืขืœื•ืœ ืœืขื›ื‘ ื”ืคื—ืชืช ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช. โ€ข ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ืืฉืจืื™ โ€“ ืžื•ื“ื™ืก ื”ื•ืชื™ืจื” ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ +BBB ืขื ืื•ืคืง ืฉืœื™ืœื™, ืชื•ืš ืื–ื”ืจื” ืžื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื—ืก ื—ื•ื‘/ืชื•ืฆืจ ื•ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžื”ืžืฉืš ืžืชื™ื—ื•ืช ืขื ืื™ืจืืŸ. โ€ข ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื โ€“ ืžื“ื“ ืช"ื 35 ืขืœื” ื‘-1.7%, ืช"ื 90 ืขืœื” ื‘-2%, ืžื“ื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื–ื™ื ืง ื‘-11%. ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืื’"ื— โ€“ ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืืคื™ืงื™ื ืฉืงืœื™ื™ื, ืขืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฆืžื•ื“ื™ ืžื“ื“. ื”ื“ื•ืœืจ ื”ืชื—ื–ืง ื‘-0.9% ืžื•ืœ ื”ืฉืงืœ. ืืจื”"ื‘: โ€ข ืžืชื™ื—ื•ืช ืกื—ืจ ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื˜ืจืืžืค โ€“ ื—ืจืฃ ื”ืฆื”ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื›ืกื™ ืขื ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ 30% ืžื”-1 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜, ื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืขืœื•ืช ืชื•ืš ื”ื™ืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ืกื—ืจ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ ื ื—ืชืžื• ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ืขื ืจื•ื‘ ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ื”ืกื—ืจ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช (ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™, ื™ืคืŸ, ื“ืจื•ื ืงื•ืจื™ืื”, ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” ื•ืขื•ื“), ืขื ืžื›ืก ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืฉืœ 15% ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ื‘ื”ื™ืงืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ื. โ€ข ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ืจื™ืช โ€“ ื”ืคื“ ื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืขืœ 4.50%-4.25%. ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžื–ื” 3 ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื, 2 ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื•ืขื“ื” ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืขื• ื‘ืขื“ ื”ื•ืจื“ืช ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืขืžื“ืช ื”ื ื’ื™ื“. ื”ืคื“ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ื’ื™ืฉืช See and Wait ืขื ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืจื“ื” ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ ืื ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื™ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœื”ืชืžืชืŸ. โ€ข ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืžืืงืจื• โ€“ ืชื•ืฆืจ: ื‘-Q2 ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ 3% (ืžืขืœ ืฆืคื™ 2.4%), ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืงื‘ ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื—ื“ื” ื‘ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื (30%-). ืชืขืกื•ืงื”: 147 ืืœืฃ ืžืฉืจื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ (ืžืขืœ ื”ืฆืคื™), ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืขืœ 4.1% ื•ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืขืœ 3.7%. ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื”: ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ 0.3% (ืฉื ืชื™ 2.7%), ืœื™ื‘ื” 2.9%. ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช: ISM ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” 49 ื ืงืณ, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื 50.8 ื ืงืณ (ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื”ืชืจื—ื‘ื•ืช). ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช 0.6%+ (ืฉื ืชื™ 3.9%). โ€ข ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื โ€“ ืžื“ื“ 500 P&S ืขืœื” ื‘- 2.2% ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ (7.8% ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื”), ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื•ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื‘ื•ื ื‘- AI. ืžื’ื–ืจื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช ื ื—ืœืฉื•. ืื’"ื— ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืœ-10 ืฉื ื™ื ืขืœื• ื‘ืชืฉื•ืื” ืœ-4.37%. ืื™ืจื•ืคื”: โ€ข ืกื—ืจ ืขื ืืจื”"ื‘ โ€“ ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืกื—ืจ ืฉื ื—ืชื ื ืชืคืก ื›ืžืื›ื–ื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช (ืœืžืฉืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘), ืฉื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืžื›ืกื•ืช ืคื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืžื›ืก. ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ื™ื. โ€ข ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ืจื™ืช โ€“ ื”-ECB ื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ืจืฆืฃ ื”ื•ืจื“ื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื”. ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืงืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืžื™ืฆื•ื™. โ€ข ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืžืืงืจื• โ€“ ืชื•ืฆืจ: ื‘-2Q ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ 0.1% (ืžืขืœ ืฆืคื™ 0%). ืกืคืจื“ ื•ืฆืจืคืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช, ื’ืจืžื ื™ื” ื•ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื” ื‘ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฆื•ืช ืงืœื”. ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื”: ืขืœืชื” ืœ-2% (ืœื™ื‘ื” 2.3%). ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช: PMI ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” 49.8 ื ืงืณ (ืฉื™ื ืžืื– ื™ื•ืœื™ 2022), ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื 51.2 ื ืงืณ. ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช: ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ 0.7% (ืฉื ืชื™ 1.8%). ืื‘ื˜ืœื”: ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœ-6.3% (ืž-6.2%). โ€ข ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื โ€“ ืžื“ื“ 600 Eurostoxx ืขืœื” ื‘-1% ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ (9.8% ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื”). ืงื™ื™ืžืช "ืขื™ื™ืคื•ืช" ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™, ืขื ื—ื•ืกืจ ื‘"ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ" ืฉื™ืชื“ืœืง ืขืœื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช. *ื”ืกืงื™ืจื” ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืœื™ื•ื 01.08.2025 ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื•/ืื• ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžื•ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื— | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืžื“ื ื™ื, ืฉืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ื•ื™ืชื‘ืจืจื• ื›ื—ืกืจื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืกืงื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™ ืื• ื›ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื•ืžืžืฆื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื™โ€œืข ื•/ืื• ื‘ื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื, ื–ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ

  • ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ื•ื ื™ 2025

    ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื™ื, ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื’ืžื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืงื™ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื”ื•ื‘ืœืช ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื•ืจืกื” ื‘ืช"ื. ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ื”ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื ื˜ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืชื—ื–ืง ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืžื”ืฆืคื•ื™, ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ืฉืœ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”. ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ื”ืžื‘ืฆืข ืžื•ืœ ืื™ืจืืŸ ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื›ื’ื•ืจื ืžื™ื™ืฆื‘, ื•ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœื”ืชื—ื–ืงื•ืช ื”ืฉืงืœ ื•ืœื–ื™ื ื•ืง ื—ื“ ื‘ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ื ืจืฉืžื” ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ื–ืžื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืช, ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืžืืงืจื• ืžืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืื˜ื” ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื”ื”ืชืจื—ื‘ื•ืช. ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืžื’ืžื•ืช ืืœื•, ื”ืชืฉื•ืื” ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ืช ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ืขืžื“ื” ืขืœ ื›ึพ3.2%, ื”ืžืฉืงืคืช ืชืฉื•ืื” ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจืช ืฉืœ ื›ึพ6.7% ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื” โ€” ืชืฉื•ืื” ื ืื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ 2025. ื™ืฉืจืืœ: ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžื‘ืฆืข ืžื•ืœ ืื™ืจืืŸ, ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื”ืฆื™ื’ื” ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืื•ื–ื ื™ื ื™ื—ืกื™ืช. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขืœืืช ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ, ื ืจืฉืžื” ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื•ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฉืจื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืขื“ื›ืŸ ื›ืœืคื™ ืžื˜ื” ืืช ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืœืฉื ืช 2025 ืž-4.3% ืœ-3.6%, ื•ืœืฉื ืช 2026 ืž-5.3% ืœ-4.4%. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืžืžืกื™ื ืขืœืชื” ืž-517.1 ืœ-538.6 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื—, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืงื“ืžืช ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื ื“ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื”. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžืื™ ื™ืจื“ ื‘-0.3% โ€” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืชื—ืช ืœืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช (0.1%). ืกืขื™ืฃ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื•ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืกื•ืช ืชืจืžื• ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื”, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืืจ ื”ืกืขื™ืคื™ื ืฉืฆืžื—ื• โ€” ืขืฉื• ื–ืืช ื‘ืื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ืช. ื”ืžื‘ืฆืข ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ ืžื•ืœ ืื™ืจืืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ: ืขื ืชื—ื™ืœืชื• ื ืจืฉืžื” ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืžื™ื™ืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืขืจ ื”ื“ื•ืœืจ ื–ื™ื ืง, ืืš ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” โ€” ื”ื“ื•ืœืจ ื—ื–ืจ ืœืจื“ืช, ื•ื”ืฉืงืœ ื”ืชื—ื–ืง ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื”ื—ืœ ืž-16 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™. ื‘ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”, ืฉื•ืง ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื–ื™ื ืง ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื—ืจื™ื’ื”: ืช"ื 35 ืขืœื” ื‘-9.5%, ืช"ื 90 ื‘-14.4%, ืžื“ื“ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืขืœื” ื‘-26.7%, ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื–ื™ื ืงื• ื‘-28.3%. ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช, ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื”ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืžื”ื™ืจื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื–ืžื•ืช: ืฉื•ืง ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืœื ืžืฉื“ืจื™ื ืžืฆื•ืงื”, ื›ืš ืฉืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ. ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืงื•ืจื•ื ื”, ืœื ื‘ื•ืฆืขื” ื”ื–ืจืžืช ืžื–ื•ืžื ื™ื ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืชืžืจื™ืฅ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง ืฆืคื•ื™ ืœื”ืชืจื—ื‘ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช โ€” ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื ืคื’ืขื•. ืขื ืฆืคื™ ืœื’ื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืœืžืขืœื” ืž-6% ื”ืฉื ื”, ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืชืืคืฉืจ ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืžื™ืกื™ื. ืืจื”"ื‘: ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ 139 ืืœืฃ ืžืฉืจื•ืช โ€” ืžืขืœ ื”ืฆืคื™ ืฉืœ 130 ืืœืฃ, ืื ื›ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื• ื›ืœืคื™ ืžื˜ื” ื‘-95 ืืœืฃ. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ 4.2%, ื•ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืฉืขืชื™ ืจืฉื ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ 0.4%, ืขื ื”ืืฆื” ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืœ-3.9% (ืžื•ืœ ืฆืคื™ ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืœ-3.7%). ื”ืคื“ืจืœ ืจื™ื–ืจื‘ ื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ 4.50%-4.25%, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื’ื™ืฉื” ื ื™ืฆื™ืช ืœื ื•ื›ื— ืื™ ื”ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืกื™ื. ื”ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื ืง ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ืคื—ืชื•ืช ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉื ื”, ืืš ื ืจืฉืžื” ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” โ€” ื—ืœืงื ื›ืœืœ ืœื ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื”ืคื—ืชื”. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื” ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืขืœื” ืœ-3%, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื™ืจื“ื” ืœ-1.4% (ืœืขื•ืžืช 1.7% ืงื•ื“ื), ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื”ื—ื–ื•ื™ ืขืœื” ืœ-4.5%. ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืคื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืž"ื’ ืœืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืื” ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ 0.5% ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ (ืœืขื•ืžืช 0.2% ื‘ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ื), ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืฉืœ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื—ืœืฉื” ืฉืฆืžื—ื” ื‘-0.5% ื‘ืœื‘ื“ โ€” ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– 2020. ื’ื ื‘ื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื ืจืฉืžื” ื”ืคืชืขื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช: ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืขืœื” ื‘-0.1% ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืžื•ืœ ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ืฉืœ 0.2%, ื•ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืขืžื“ ืขืœ 2.4% (ืžื•ืœ ืฆืคื™ ืฉืœ 2.5%). ืžื“ื“ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ืขืœื” ื‘-0.1% (ืžื•ืœ ืฆืคื™ ืœ-0.3%) ื•ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ื ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ 2.8%. ืžื“ื“ื™ ISM ืฉื™ืงืคื• ื—ื•ืœืฉื”: ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื™ืจื“ื” ืœ-48.5 ื ืง' ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื™ืจื“ื• ืœ-49.9 ื ืง', ืžืชื—ืช ืœืจืฃ ื”ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฆื•ืช. ื”ื–ืžื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื•ืœื—ืฆื™ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืœื˜ื• ืœืฉืœื™ืœื”. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ื ืคืœื• ื‘-0.9% (ืžื•ืœ ืฆืคื™ ืœ-0.7%-), ื•ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ื”ื•ืื˜ ืœ-3.3% โ€” ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ืืฉืชืงื“. ืื™ืจื•ืคื”: ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ (ECB) ื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืจื‘ืข ืื—ื•ื– ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 2.00% โ€” ื”ืคื—ืชื” ืฉืžื™ื ื™ืช ื‘ืจืฆืฃ ื”ื”ืงืœื•ืช. ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื• ื›ืœืคื™ ืžื˜ื”: ืœืฉื ื” ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ื”ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื™ืจื“ื” ืœ-2% (ืž-2.3%), ื•ืœืฉื ืช 2026 ืœ-1.6% (ืž-1.9%), ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉืช ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืื˜ื” ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ืฉืœ ืžืชื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ืกื—ืจ. ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืœืฆืžื™ื—ืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ืœ-0.6%, ืœืขื•ืžืช 0.4% ื‘ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ื. ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ื™ืจื“ื” ืœืงืฆื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ 1.9% (ืž-2.2% ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ื), ื•ืœื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื™ืจื“ื” ืœ-2.3% โ€” ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2021. ืžื“ื“ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื ื•ืชืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ืขืœ 49.4 ื ืง', ืขื ื—ื–ืจืช ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”ื”ื–ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืœื˜ืจื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื ื™ื™ื˜ืจืœื™ืช ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื–ื” 3 ืฉื ื™ื. ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืขืœื” ืงืœื•ืช ืœ-50 ื ืง', ืž-49.7. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืขืœื• ื‘-0.1%, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ื”ืื™ืฅ ืœ-2.3% (ืž-1.9%). ืžื“ื“ ื”ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื ื˜ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืขืœื” ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 35.3 ื ืง' โ€” ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช. *ื”ืกืงื™ืจื” ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืœื™ื•ื 01.07.2025 ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื•/ืื• ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžื•ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื— | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืžื“ื ื™ื, ืฉืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ื•ื™ืชื‘ืจืจื• ื›ื—ืกืจื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืกืงื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™ ืื• ื›ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื•ืžืžืฆื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื™โ€œืข ื•/ืื• ื‘ื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื, ื–ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ

  • ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžืื™ 2025

    ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื™ื, ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžืื™ ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื’ืžื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ โ€“ ืขื ืขืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืขืจื™ื ื—ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืงื™ ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืžืจืฉื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืื™ื’ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืงื•ื ืฆืจื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžื ื™ื™ืชื™ื™ื. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ืชื—ื–ืงื•ืช ื”ืฉืงืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืœืจ ื•ื”ืื™ืจื•, ื‘ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืื’"ื— ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืงื™ื–ื–ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชืฉื•ืื”. ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ืกื™ื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืขื ืชืฉื•ืื” ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ื ืื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืœ 2.2%. ื™ืฉืจืืœ: ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืืคืจื™ืœ ืจืฉื ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื—ื“ื” ืฉืœ 1.1% โ€“ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืžื”ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืฉืœ ื–ื™ื ื•ืง ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืกื•ืช ืœื—ื•"ืœ, ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ ื˜ื™ืกื•ืช ื•ื—ื–ืจืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืชืขื•ืคื” ื–ืจื•ืช. ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืขืœื” ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 3.6%. ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืขืœ 4.5%, ื•ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช โ€“ ืกืงืจ ื”ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืžืกื—ืจ, ื•ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ืืฉืจืื™ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœืขืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืจื™ืืœื™ื™ื. ื”ื‘ื•ืจืกื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืขื ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืžืจืฉื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—ื™ื, ื•ื”ืฉืงืœ ื”ืชื—ื–ืง ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืœืจ ื•ื”ืื™ืจื• โ€“ ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืงื™ ื”ืžื˜"ื— ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื’ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื ืจืฉืžื” ืžื’ืžื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช: ืžืกืคืจ ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื™ืจื“ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ ืœืฉืคืœ ืฉืœ ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื. ืืจื”"ื‘: ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืคื“ืจืœื™ ื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืขืœ ื›ื ื” โ€“ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ 4.50%-4.25%, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื’ื™ืฉืช "ื”ืžืชืŸ ื•ืจืื”" ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืขืœื” ื‘ึพ0.2% ื‘ืœื‘ื“ โ€“ ืžืชื—ืช ืœืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ื ื—ืœืฉ ืœึพ2.3%, ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2021. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ื ื•ืชืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉืœ 2.8%. ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ืช: ื ื•ืฆืจื• 177 ืืœืฃ ืžืฉืจื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช โ€“ ืžืขืœ ื”ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืื—ื•ื– ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ 4.2%. ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืืžื ื ืจืฉื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฆื•ืช ืžืชื•ื ื”, ืืš ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืคืชื™ืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืขื ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœึพ51.6 ื ืง'. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ืขืœื• ื‘ึพ0.1%, ืœืื—ืจ ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ื—ื“ ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืขืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ื โ€“ ื”ืžืฉืงืฃ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ื”ืฆืจื›ื ื™. ืื™ืจื•ืคื”: ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™(ECB) ื‘ื™ืฆืข ื”ื•ืจื“ืช ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ 0.25%, ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 2.25% โ€“ ื”ื”ืคื—ืชื” ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืžืื– ื™ื•ื ื™ 2024, ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ืชื—ื–ืงื•ืช ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ ืœื™ืขื“ ืฉืœ 2%. ื’ื ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืœื—ืฆื™ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืชืžืชืŸ. ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื” ื›ืœืคื™ ืžื˜ื” ืœึพ0.3%. ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื ื•ืชืจื” ืขืœ ืงืฆื‘ ืฉืœ 2.2%. ืžื“ื“ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ืœืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืขืœื” ืœืจืžื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2022 โ€“ 49.4 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืžื“ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื™ืจื“ ืœึพ48.9 ื ืง', ื”ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฆื•ืช. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ื™ืจื“ื• ื‘ึพ0.1%. ืืš ื”ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื ื˜ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื”ืฉืชืคืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ื“, ืžึพ18.5- ืœึพ11.6 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช โ€“ ื ืชื•ืŸ ื”ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ื—ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืกื—ืจ. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืฉืคืœ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ .6.2% ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื: ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžืื™ ื”ืชืืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื–ื”ื™ืจื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื, ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืžืงืจื•, ื•ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื”. ืื ื• ื ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื ืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืชื›ื ื‘ื”ืชืื. *ื”ืกืงื™ืจื” ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืœื™ื•ื 01.06.2025 ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื•/ืื• ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžื•ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื— | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืžื“ื ื™ื, ืฉืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ื•ื™ืชื‘ืจืจื• ื›ื—ืกืจื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืกืงื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™ ืื• ื›ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื•ืžืžืฆื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื™โ€œืข ื•/ืื• ื‘ื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื, ื–ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ

  • ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืืคืจื™ืœ 2025

    ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื™ื, ืืคืจื™ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื•ื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžืื™ืš ืฉื”ื—ืœ ื•ืœืืŸ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื˜ืจืืžืค ืคื™ืจืกื ืืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืžื›ืกื™ื, ื‘-8 ืœืืคืจื™ืœ ืžื“ื“ ื”-500 S&P ื›ืžืขื˜ ืกื’ืจ ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ 20% ืžื”ืฉื™ื. ื˜ืจืžืค ืื–, ืคืจืกื ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืฉื–ื”ื• ื–ืžืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืฉื•ืง ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช. ืื—ืจื™ ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ื–ื• ื’ื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืฉื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื ืืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืžื›ืกื™ื, ืœืžืขื˜ ืกื™ืŸ, ื‘-90 ื™ื•ื. ืืœื” ื”ืคื›ื• ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืง ื•ื”-500 S&P ืืฃ ืจืฉื ืืช ืื—ืช ืžืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ื•ืช ื‘-50 ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช. ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืกื’ืจื• ืืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื–ื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ืื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ืฉืœ ื›-0.7%, ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ื ืจืื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืื—ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™. ื™ืฉืจืืœ: ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืืช ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืฉืœื• ืœื›ืœื›ืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืฉื ื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ื•ืœืฉื ื” ื”ื‘ืื” ืœ-3.5% ื•-4% ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืžื”ืฉืคืขืช ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืกื—ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืกื—ืจ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™. ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง ื ื•ืชืจื” ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืœ 4.5% ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื•ื“ืขืชื• ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืง ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ, ื”ืืฆื” ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ื‘ืชื•ื•ืื™ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื•ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื’ืจื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื” ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช ื‘ืคืจืžื™ื™ืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชื• ื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื” ื•ืืช ื”ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืขืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืขืœื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 0.5% ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื–ืื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ืขืžื“ ืขืœ 0.3%. ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ืืฉืจืื™ ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืขื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืš ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉืœ 0.7% ืœืขื•ืžืช ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ. ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื•ืงื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžืจืฅ ืฉืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืœ 3%, ืขื•ื“ ืžื•ืงื“ื ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืชืžืชื ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื”. ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™, ืกืงืจ ื”ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืœืž"ืก ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืขื ืคื™ ื”ืžืฉืง ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืœื›ืš ื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื›ืืฉืจ ืคื•ืจืกื ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ืฉืœ ื‘"ื™ ืฉื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืš ืขืœื™ื” ืžืชื•ื ื” ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืจื˜ืจื•ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืขืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื“ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื•ืืจ ื•ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื, ืœืงืจืืช ืกื•ืฃ ืืคืจื™ืœ ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”ืฆื‘ื™ืขื• ืขืœ ืขืœื™ื” ืงืœื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื‘ืžืฉืง โ€“ 60.8% ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ืฉื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืฉืคืœ โ€“ 2.9% ื›ืš ืฉืขืœ ืคื ื™ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉ"ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื›ืจื’ื™ืœ" ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืžืฆื‘ ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™.ย  ืืจื”"ื‘: ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฅ ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘-0.3% (ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื). ืขืœื™ื” ื—ื“ื” ื•ื—ืจื™ื’ื” ื‘ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื ืชืจืžื” ืœื ืชื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื™, ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ืงื“ืžืช ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ื–ืžื ื•ืช, ื˜ืจื ื›ื ื™ืกืช ื”ืžื›ืกื™ื ืœืชื•ืงืฃ. ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื’ื ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฆื”, ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืžืืžืฆื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ืœืงืฆืฅ ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช. ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื”ืฆื™ื’ื” ืขืœื™ื” ืžืžื•ืชื ืช ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืจื‘ืขื•ื ื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ื™ืจื“ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ ื‘-0.1%, ืœืขื•ืžืช ืฆืคื™ ืœืขืœื™ื” ืฉืœ 0.1%. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืื– ืžืื™ 2020. ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ื”ืื˜ ืœ-2.4%. ืžื“ื“ ื”-ISM ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื” ื™ืจื“ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ ืœืจืžืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ 49 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืž-50.3 ืœืคื ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ. ื”ื–ืžื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ืฆื‘ืจ ื”ื–ืžื ื•ืช ื•ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืชืจืžื• ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื”. ืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืขืœื” ืœืจืžื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ื™ื•ื ื™ 2022. ืžื“ื“ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื™ืจื“ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 50.8 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื”. ืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื‘ืœื˜ ื‘ื—ื•ืœืฉืชื•, ื•ื›ืŸ ื’ื ืกืขื™ืฃ ืฆื‘ืจ ื”ื–ืžื ื•ืช. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ืขืœื• ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ ื‘ื—ื“ื•ืช ื‘-1.4%, ืžืขื˜ ืžืขืœ ื”ืฆืคื™ ืฉืœ 1.3%. ื”ืžืฉืง ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 228 ืืœืฃ ืžืฉืจื•ืช, ื”ืคืชืขื” ื™ืคื” ืžืขืœ ื”ืฆืคื™ ืฉืœ 135 ืืœืฃ. ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื• ืžืขื˜ ืžื˜ื”. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ืขืœื” ืœ-4.2% ืž-4.1% ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ื. ืื™ืจื•ืคื”: ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืฆืžื— ื‘ืžืคืชื™ืข ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื” ื‘-0.4%, ืœืขื•ืžืช ืฆืคื™ ืฉืœ 0.2%. ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ื”ืžืคืชื™ืข ื”ืชืคืจืกื ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ืชืžืชื ื•ืช ืขืงื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื•ื”ืงืœื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉืช. ื”-ECB ื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ื›ืฆืคื•ื™ ืคืขื ื ื•ืกืคืช ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘-0.25% ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 2.25%, ื”ื•ืจื“ื” ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืžืื– ื”ื—ืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืงืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2024. ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ื”ืื˜ื” ืœืงืฆื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ 2.2%, ืž-2.3% ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ื. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ื”ืชืžืชืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ืื” ืœืจืžื” ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ 2.4%, ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2021. ืžื“ื“ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืขืœื” ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ื ื™ื— ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 48.7 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช. ืžื“ื“ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื–ืจ ืœื˜ืจื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฆื•ืช ื•ื™ืจื“ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 49.7 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืขืœื• ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ ื‘-0.3%, ืœืื—ืจ 4 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืœื ืขืœื™ื”. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ื™ืจื“ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 6.1%, ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ื”ื—ืœื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื“ื”. *ื”ืกืงื™ืจื” ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืœื™ื•ื 01.05.2025 ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื•/ืื• ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžื•ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื— | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืžื“ื ื™ื, ืฉืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ื•ื™ืชื‘ืจืจื• ื›ื—ืกืจื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืกืงื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™ ืื• ื›ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื•ืžืžืฆื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื™โ€œืข ื•/ืื• ื‘ื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื, ื–ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ

  • ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2025

    ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื™ื, ื—ื•ื“ืฉย ืขืžื•ืกย ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ืย ื•ืชื”ืคื•ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืย ื‘ื ื™ืžื”ย ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ย ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช. ืžื“ื“ย ื”-500ย S&P ืขืœื”ย ื‘-2.7% ื•ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ย ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจย ืขืœ ื”"ืžืฉืงื•ืœืช" ืฉืœย ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืชย ื‘ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.ย ืื™ืจื•ืคื”ย ื‘ืœื˜ื”ย ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื”ย ืขืย ืขืœื™ื”ย ืฉืœย 6.4% ื‘ืžื“ื“ย ื”-600ย Eurostoxxย ืขืœย ืจืงืขย ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืงืœื”ย ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชย ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ืืจื™ืช,ย ื•ืขืœย ืืฃย ื ืชื•ื ื™ย ืฆืžื™ื—ื”ย ื—ืœืฉื™ื. ืžื“ื“ย ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ืย ื”ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื™ืย ื”ืกืชืคืงย ื‘ืขืœื™ื”ย ืฉืœย 1.7%.ย ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืจื‘ื™ืย ืฉื—ืœื• ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ,ย ืฉื”ืฉืคื™ืขื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ื™ืฆืจื• ืชืžื•ื ื” ืœื ืื—ื™ื“ื” ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืกืงื˜ื•ืจื™ืืœื™ืช.ย ืžื“ื“ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ย ืชืงืฉื•ืจืชย ื‘ืœื˜ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื”,ย ืœืฆื“ย ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื.ย ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืžืชืืย ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืย ืื™ื ื•ย ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ย ื‘ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื.ย ืžื ื’ื“,ย ืขื ืฃ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืกื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™ืœื™,ย ืขืœย ืจืงืข ื”ื–ืขื–ื•ืข ืฉื™ืฆืจ ืื™ืจื•ืขย DeepSeekย ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืชื—ื•ื ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช,ย ื‘ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ื.ย ืฉื•ืง ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืชย ื”ืžื’ืžื” ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆื™ื’ ืขืœื™ื•ืช ื ืื•ืช ื’ื ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ:ย ืžื“ื“ ืช"ื 35ย ืขืœื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื›-2.2%ย ื•ืžื“ื“ ืช"ื 90ย ืขืœื” ื‘-4.7%. ืœืื•ืจ ืืœื”ย ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ืย ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ืย ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจื™ย ื”ื’ืžืœย ื•ื”ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ืกื’ืจื• ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ืžืื“ ืœืฉื ืช 2025ย ืขื ืขืœื™ื” ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ืฉืœย ื›-1.4%. ื™ืฉืจืืœ: ื‘ื ืงย ื™ืฉืจืืœย ื”ื•ืชื™ืจย ืืชย ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืชย ืœืœืย ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ย ื‘ืจืžื”ย ืฉืœย .4.5%ย ืžื“ื“ย ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ ื™ืจื“ ื‘-0.3%, ื ืžื•ืš ืžื”ืฆืคื™ ืฉื™ื ื•ืข ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”-0%. ื”ืžื“ื“ย ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸย ืืžื ืย ื”ืคืชื™ืขย ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื”ย ืืšย ืฉื™ืขื•ืจย ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื”ย ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ื ื•ืชืจย ื’ื‘ื•ื”ย โ€“ย 3.2%ย ื•ืžืขืœย ื”ื™ืขื“ย ืฉืœย ื‘ื ืงย ื™ืฉืจืืœย ื›ืš ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื•ืจื“ืช ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืขื•ื“ื ื” ืืจื•ื›ื”.ย ื”ื’ื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ืœืฉื ืช 2024ย ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ืžื”ืฆืคื•ื™ย โ€“ย 6.9%.ย ื”ืœืž"ืก ืคืจืกืžื” ืืช ื”ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืชื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ 2024ย ืฉื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืขืœื™ื” ืฉืœ 4%ย ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืœืขื•ืžืช ืฆืคื™ ืœืขืœื™ื” ืฉืœ 3.8%. ย  ืืจื”"ื‘: ื”ื‘ื ืงย ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ย ื”ื•ืชื™ืจย ื›ืฆืคื•ื™ย ืืชย ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืชย ืœืœืย ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ย ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ, ืœืื—ืจย 3 ื”ื•ืจื“ื•ืชย ืจืฆื•ืคื•ืชย ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช.ย ืžื“ื“ย ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืขืœื”ย ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจย ื‘-0.4%,ย ื›ืšย ืฉื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื“ย ืขืœื” ืœ-2.9%.ย ืžื“ื“ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื”ย ืขืœื”ย ื‘-0.2%,ย ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืงืฆื‘ย ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ 3.2%.ย ื”ืžืฉืง ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃย ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจย 256 ืืœืฃย ืžืฉืจื•ืช, ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืชย ืžืขืœย ื”ืฆืคื™ย ืฉืœย 160ย ืืœืฃ. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจย ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื”ย ื™ืจื“ย ืœ-4.1% ืž-4.2%ย ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉย ืงื•ื“ื.ย ืขืœย ืคื™ย ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ,ย ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ืฆืžื— ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸย ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ืฉืœย 2024ย ื‘-2.3%ย (ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื),ย ืœืขื•ืžืช ืฆืคื™ ืฉืœย 2.6%. ืžื“ื“ย ื”-ISMย ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืขืœื” ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจย ืœืจืžื”ย ืฉืœย 49.3ย ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืžืจืžื”ย ืฉืœย 48.4ย ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉย ืงื•ื“ืย ืœื›ืŸ. ื”ืžื“ื“ย ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸย ืฉื•ื”ื”ย ื‘ืจืžืชย ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฆื•ืช ืžื–ื”ย ืชืงื•ืคื”ย ืžืื•ื“ย ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช.ย ืžื“ื“ย ืžื’ื–ืจย ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืขืœื”ย ืœืจืžื”ย ืฉืœย 54.1 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช,ย ืž-52.1 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืชย ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉย ืงื•ื“ืย ืœื›ืŸ. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืชย ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืชย ืขืœื•ย ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจย ื‘-0.4%,ย ืœืขื•ืžืช ืฆืคื™ ืฉืœ 0.6%.ย ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืขืœื” ืžืขื˜ ืœ-3.9%,ย ืž-3.8%ย ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ. ืื™ืจื•ืคื”: ื”-ECB ื”ื•ืจื™ื“ย ื›ืฆืคื•ื™ย ืืชย ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืชย ื‘-0.25%ย ืœืจืžื”ย ืฉืœย 2.75%. ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื”ย ื‘ื’ื•ืฉย ื”ืื™ืจื•ย ืขืœืชื”ย ืขืœย ืคื™ย ื”ืฆืคื™ย ืœืงืฆื‘ย ืฉื ืชื™ย ืฉืœย 2.4%,ย ืž-2.2%ย ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉย ืงื•ื“ืย ืœื›ืŸ. ืžื“ื“ย ื”ืœื™ื‘ื”ย ื ื•ืชืจย ืœืœืย ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ย ื‘ืงืฆื‘ย ืฉื ืชื™ย ืฉืœย 2.7%.ย ืžื“ื“ย ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ืฉย ื‘ื’ื•ืฉย ื”ืื™ืจื• ืœืžื’ื–ืจย ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื”ย ืขืœื” ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉย ืœืจืžื”ย ืฉืœย 46.1ย ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืž-45.1ย ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉย ืงื•ื“ืย ืœื›ืŸ, ื•ืžืžืฉื™ืšย ืœืฉื”ื•ืชย ื‘ื˜ืจื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ืชย ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฆื•ืชย ืžืื–ย ื”ืžื—ืฆื™ืชย ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”ย ืฉืœย ืฉื ืช 2022.ย ืžื“ื“ย ืžื’ื–ืจย ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื™ืจื“ย ื‘ืื•ืคืŸย ืžื™ื ื•ืจื™ย ืœืจืžื”ย ืฉืœย 51.4 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช.ย ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืชย ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฉย ื”ืื™ืจื•ย ืขืœื•ย ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจย ื‘-0.1%.ย ืžื“ื“ ื”ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื ื˜ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืขืœื” ืžืขื˜ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 18ย ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืž-17ย ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ.ย ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืœ 6.3%. *ื”ืกืงื™ืจื” ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืœื™ื•ื 01.02.2025 ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื•/ืื• ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžื•ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื— | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืžื“ื ื™ื, ืฉืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ื•ื™ืชื‘ืจืจื• ื›ื—ืกืจื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืกืงื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™ ืื• ื›ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื•ืžืžืฆื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื™โ€œืข ื•/ืื• ื‘ื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื, ื–ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ

  • ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2025

    ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื™ื, ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ื‘ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื™ื. ืžื“ื“ ื”-S&P 500 ื—ื•ื•ื” ืชื ื•ื“ืชื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืกื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ 1.4%, ืœืื•ืจ ืื™ ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชื• ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ. ืžื“ื“ ื”-Eurostoxx 600 ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคืื™ ืขืœื” ื‘-3.4% ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ, ืขืงื‘ ืชืงื•ื•ืช ืœืกื™ื•ื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ื” ื•ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืœืžื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคืื™ื, ืœืื•ืจ ืื™ ื”ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘. ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ื”ืกืชืžืŸ ื›ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื“ ืช"ื 125 ืขืœื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื›-1.7%. ื™ืฉืจืืœ: ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 4.5%, ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืช ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืฆืขื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืง ืœืฉื ืช 2024 ืžื”ื ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืง ืฆืžื— ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื ื•ืžื™ื ืœื™ ืฉืœ 1%, ืื•ืœื ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืชื•ืื ืœื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ 1.3% ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ืงื™ื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ 0.3% ื‘ืชื•ืฆืจ ืœื ืคืฉ. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืขืœื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 0.6% ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ, ื›ืš ืฉืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืขืœื” ืœ-3.8%. ย  ืืจื”"ื‘: ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื”ืคืชื™ืขื” ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืขืœื”. ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืขืœื” ื‘-0.5%, ืœืขื•ืžืช ืฆืคื™ ืฉืœ 0.3%. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ืขืœื” ื‘-0.4%, ืœืขื•ืžืช ืฆืคื™ ืฉืœ 0.3%. ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืขืœื” ืœ-3% ื•ืฉืœ ืžื“ื“ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ืœ-3.3%. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™, ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืฆืžื— ื‘-2.3% ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ืฉืœ 2024 (ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื), ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ื”ืžืฉืง ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 143 ืืœืฃ ืžืฉืจื•ืช, ืžืชื—ืช ืœืฆืคื™ ืฉืœ 170 ืืœืฃ. ืžื“ื“ ื”-ISM ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื” ืขืœื” ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 50.9 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืž-49.2 ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืคืขื ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžื–ื” 26 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืžื“ื“ ืžืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืจืžืช ื”ืชืจื—ื‘ื•ืช. ืžื“ื“ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื™ืจื“ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 52.8 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืž-54 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืชื™ืขื• ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ืžื˜ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื•ื™ืจื“ื• 0.9%, ืœืขื•ืžืช ืฆืคื™ ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ 0.1%. ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื”ืคืชืขื” ืžื˜ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ืกืช ืœืชื ืื™ ืžื–ื’ ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ื•ื”ืฉืจื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ืœื•ืก ืื ื’'ืœืก. ืื™ืจื•ืคื”: ื”-ECB ื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ื›ืฆืคื•ื™ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘-0.25% ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 2.75%. ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืžื–ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืชืžืชื ื•ืช ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืช ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื•ื”ืื˜ื” ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืขืœื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืขืœืชื” ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ืœืงืฆื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ 2.5%, ืœืขื•ืžืช 2.4% ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ 2.7%, ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™, ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืฆืžื— ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ืฉืœ 2024 ื‘-0.1%. ืžื“ื“ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืขืœื” ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 47.3 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืž-46.6 ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื” 9 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ืื•ืœื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืขืœ ืจืฆืฃ ืžืžื•ืฉืš ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืจืžืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฆื•ืช. ืžื“ื“ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื™ืจื“ ืœ-50.7 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืœืขื•ืžืช 51.3 ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ื. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ื™ืจื“ื• ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ื‘-0.2%, ืœืขื•ืžืช ืฆืคื™ ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ 0.1%. ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืขืœื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœ-1.9% ืž 1.6% ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื ื˜ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืขืœื” ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 24.2 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ื™ื•ืœื™ 2024. *ื”ืกืงื™ืจื” ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืœื™ื•ื 01.03.2025 ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื•/ืื• ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžื•ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื— | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืžื“ื ื™ื, ืฉืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ื•ื™ืชื‘ืจืจื• ื›ื—ืกืจื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืกืงื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™ ืื• ื›ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื•ืžืžืฆื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื™โ€œืข ื•/ืื• ื‘ื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื, ื–ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ

  • ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2024

    ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื™ื, ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ ื”ืชืืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ืฉื ื” ืžื•ืฆืœื—ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™. ืžื“ื“ ื”-500 S&P ื™ืจื“ ื‘-2.5%, ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืขืœื™ื™ืช ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช ื—ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืื’"ื— ื•ื˜ื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฆื™ ืฉืœ ื”-FED. ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื ื—ืœื• ื‘ืžื ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืจืš, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื’ ื˜ืง ืžืฉื™ื’ื•ืช ืชืฉื•ืื” ืขื•ื“ืคืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ. ืžื“ื“ ื”-600 Eurostoxx ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคืื™ ืกื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ 0.5% ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืฆืคื™ ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”-ECB ื•ืขืœ ืืฃ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืคืชื—. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื™ื ื”ืชืžืžืฉ ืงืœื•ืช, ื‘-0.3%. ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœ ื•ื“ืจื•ื ืงื•ืจื™ืื” ื‘ืœื˜ื• ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ืกื™ื ื™ ืกื™ื™ื ืขื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื™ื ื•ืจื™. ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืขืœื™ื•ืช ืžืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื“ื“ ืช"ื 125 ืขื•ืงืฃ ืืช ืžื“ื“ ื”-SP500 ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื• ื”ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืฉื ืช 2024. ืžื“ื“ ืช"ื 125 ืขืœื” ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื›-5.8% ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ืฉืœ ื›-28.6% ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื”. ื‘ืœื˜ื• ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืขืœื• ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 12.7% ื•ื”ืฉื™ื’ื• ืชืฉื•ืื” ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจืช ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื” ืฉืœ 65.3% ื‘-2024. ื‘ืฉืงืœื•ืœ ืืœื”, ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœืชืฉื•ืื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ืฉืœ ื›-0.88%, ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืฉื ืช 2024 ืขืœื• ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืœืžืขืœื” ืž-13%, ื–ืืช ื‘-11 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืขืœื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš 12 ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืจืงืข ืื™ืŸ ืกืคื•ืจ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื˜ืœื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืง. ื–ื”ื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฉื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืชื‘ืฆืข ืœืื•ืจืš ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืฉื ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืื“, ืฉื ื™ื ืžืžื•ืฆืขื•ืช ื•ื’ื ืฉื ื™ื ืขื ืชืฉื•ืื” ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช. ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืกืชื ื•ื•ืจ ืžืชืฉื•ืื•ืช ืืœื”, ืืœื ืจืง ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ืงื“ื™ืžื” ืœืชืฉื•ืื” ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœืื•ืจืš ืฉื ื™ื. ื™ืฉืจืืœ: ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ ืคื•ืจืกื ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืจื“ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 0.4%, ืžืชื—ืช ืœืžืžื•ืฆืข ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื–ืื™ื. ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืžื“ื“ ืฉื–ื”, ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ื™ืจื“ ืœ-3.4% ื‘-12 ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืœืคื™ื. ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืžืกื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ, ื”ื’ืจืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ื‘-12 ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืœืคื™ื ื™ืจื“ ืœ-7.7% ืžื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืืœ ืชื•ืš ืฉื ืช 2025 ืฆืคื•ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืจื“ืช. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ืคืจืžื™ื™ืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฉืชืงืคืช ื‘ืžืจื•ื•ื— ื”ืชืฉื•ืื” ืฉืœ ืื’"ื— ืžืžืฉืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœ-10 ืฉื ื™ื ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœืชื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ื•ื”ืคืจืžื™ื” ื‘ืžืจื•ื•ื— ื”-CDS ื”ืžืฉืงืฃ ืืช ื”ื”ืกืชื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืคืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจื’ืœ, ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืคื•ื—ืชื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืืš ื‘ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช. ืฉื•ืง ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืคื’ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฆืžื” โ€“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 61% ื›ืืฉืจ ื’ื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื ื•ืชืจ ื ืžื•ืš โ€“ 2.7%, ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉืขืœื” ืž-2.6% ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ. ืืจื”"ื‘: ื”-FED ื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื›ืฆืคื•ื™ ื‘-0.25% ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 4.5%-4.25%. ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ื•ืจื“ืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช, ื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ื”ื™ื” ื ื™ืฆื™ ื™ื—ืกื™ืช. ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฆื•ืคื™ื 2 ื”ื•ืจื“ื•ืช ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘-2025, ืœืขื•ืžืช 4 ื‘ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืคื™, ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืกืชื›ืžื” ื‘-3.1% (ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื), ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืœืขื•ืžืช 2.8% ื‘ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ื, ื›ืš ืฉืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื” ืžืขืœื” ืœ-2.5% ื”ืฉื ื”, ืœืขื•ืžืช 2% ื‘ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช. ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ืขืœืชื” ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ ื‘-0.3%, ื”ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื•ื”ืŸ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื”, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืฆืคื™. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืขืœื” ืœ-2.7% ืž-2.6% ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ 3.3%, ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช. ืžื“ื“ ื”-ISM ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืขืœื” ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 48.4 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืž-46.5 ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ืขืœื• ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ ื‘-0.7%, ืžืขืœ ื”ืฆืคื™ ืฉืœ 0.5%, ื ืชื•ืŸ ืฉืžืฉืงืฃ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื’ื™ื. ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืขืœื” ืœ-3.8%, ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2023. ื”ืžืฉืง ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 227 ืืœืฃ ืžืฉืจื•ืช, ืžืขื˜ ืžืขืœ ื”ืฆืคื™ ืฉืœ 220 ืืœืฃ. ืื™ืจื•ืคื”: ื”-ECB ื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘-0.25% ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 3%, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืฆืคื™. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ื•ืจื“ืช ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ื‘-2024. ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืœื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื” ืžื˜ื” ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 0.7% ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ืฉืœ 1.1% ื‘ืฉื ืช 2025. ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืขืœืชื” ืžืขื˜ ืœืงืฆื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ 2.2%, ืž-2% ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ื ื•ืชืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ 2.7%, ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ื™ืจื“ื• ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ ื‘-0.5%, ืœืขื•ืžืช ืฆืคื™ ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ 0.3%. ืžื“ื“ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื” ื ื•ืชืจ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืจืžื” ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืฉืœ 45.2 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช. ืžื“ื“ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืขืœื” ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 51.4 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืž-49.5 ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื—ื–ืจ ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืจื—ื‘ื•ืช. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืœ 6.3%. *ื”ืกืงื™ืจื” ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืœื™ื•ื 01.01.2025 ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื•/ืื• ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžื•ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื— | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืžื“ื ื™ื, ืฉืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ื•ื™ืชื‘ืจืจื• ื›ื—ืกืจื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืกืงื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™ ืื• ื›ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื•ืžืžืฆื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื™โ€œืข ื•/ืื• ื‘ื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื, ื–ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ

  • ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2024

    ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื™ื, ื‘ื”ืžืฉื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกืงื™ืจื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช, ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื‘ื”ืง ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื ืœื“ ื˜ืจืืžืค ื•ื”ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื ื™ื. ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื”. ื ืจืฉืžื• ืขืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืขืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืงื™ ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ื•ื‘ืื™ื’ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืงื•ื ืฆืจื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ. ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื™ื ืขืœื• ื•ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื’ืžืœ ื•ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื‘ื• ืชืฉื•ืื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ืฉืœ ืงืฆืช ืžืขืœ 2%, ื›ืš ืฉื”ืชืฉื•ืื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืž-12%. ื™ืฉืจืืœ: ื”ืžื“ื“ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 0.5%. ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 4.5%, ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื™ืชืžืžืฉื•, ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืชื•ืš ื™ืขื“ ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ 2025, ืžื” ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจื• ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ืจื™ืช ืžืงืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืคื—ืชื” ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื”ืคื—ืชื•ืช ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื‘. ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ืคืชื— ืขื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืคื•ืฉืจื™ื ืฉืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืงื™ืคืื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืง ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™: ื ื™ื›ืจืช ื”ืจืขื” ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืขืกืงื™ืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืช. ืชืžื•ื ืช ืžืฆื‘ ื“ื•ืžื” ื ืฆืคืชื” ื’ื ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืง ืฉื—ื–ืจ ืœืจื“ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžืื– ื”ืฉืคืœ ืฉืœ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”. ืฉืœื ื‘ืžืคืชื™ืข, ื’ื ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžืฆื‘ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ) ื™ืจื“ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ ื‘-0.3% ื•ืชื•ืงืŸ ืื—ื•ืจื ื™ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ืžื˜ื” ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืœื™ ื•ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜. ืืžื ื ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืžื”ืžืฆื•ืคื” ื•ื ื•ืชื ืช ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื–ื”ื™ืจื” ืื•ืœื ื™ืฉ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืืฉืชืงื“ ื•ื›ื›ืœ, ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื›ื‘ืจืช ื“ืจืš ืขื“ ืœื—ื–ืจืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ืœืงื• ื”ืžื’ืžื” ืื•ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืง ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™. ื”ื’ืจืขื•ืŸ ื”ืชืžืชืŸ ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ืœ-7.9% ื‘ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ 12 ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืœืคื™ื. ืืจื”"ื‘: ื”-FED ื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ื›ืฆืคื•ื™ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘-0.25% ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 4.5%-4.75%. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืขืœื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ ื‘-0.2% ื•ืžื“ื“ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ื‘-0.3%, ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช. ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืขืœื” ืœ-2.6%, ืž-2.4% ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ื. ืงืฆื‘ ืžื“ื“ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ื ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืจืžื” ืฉืœ 3.3%. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™, ื›ืœื›ืœืช ืืจื”"ื‘ ืฆืžื—ื” ื‘-2.8% ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ (ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื), ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ืžื“ื“ ื”-ISM ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื™ืจื“ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 46.5 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืœืขื•ืžืช 47.2 ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ื. ืžื“ื“ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืงืคืฅ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 56 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2022. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ืขืœื• ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ ื‘-0.4%, ืœืขื•ืžืช ืฆืคื™ ืฉืœ 0.3%. ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืขืœื” ืœ-2.8%. ืž-2% ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ื. ื”ืžืฉืง ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 12 ืืœืฃ ืžืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ืžืฉืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ืช ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2020. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืœ 4.1%. ืื™ืจื•ืคื”: ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืขืœื” ืœ-2%, ืž-1.7% ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ื. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™, ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืฆืžื— ื‘-0.4% ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื”. ื–ื”ื• ื”ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื–ืง ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช. ืžื“ื“ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื” ื™ืจื“ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 45.2 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ. ืžื“ื“ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื™ืจื“ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 49.2 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืœืขื•ืžืช 51.6 ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ื. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืจืžืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฆื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืื– ื™ื ื•ืืจ ื”ืฉื ื”. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืขืœื• ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ ื‘-0.5%. ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืขืœื” ืœ-2.9%, ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ืืคืจื™ืœ 2022. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื ื˜ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ื™ืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 12.5 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืž-20.1 ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ื. *ื”ืกืงื™ืจื” ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืœื™ื•ื 01.12.2024 ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื•/ืื• ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžื•ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื— | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืžื“ื ื™ื, ืฉืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ื•ื™ืชื‘ืจืจื• ื›ื—ืกืจื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืกืงื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™ ืื• ื›ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื•ืžืžืฆื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื™โ€œืข ื•/ืื• ื‘ื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื, ื–ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ

  • ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2024

    ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื™ื, ืกืงื™ืจื” ื–ื• ืžืกื›ืžืช ืืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ื•ืื™ื ื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ื™ืจื“ื• ืžืขื˜, ืืš ืžื” ืฉืื™ื–ืŸ ืืช ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ืง ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื™ืื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืœ ื•ื”ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ืขืœื• ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ื›-0.25% ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื ืœืขืœื™ื” ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืžืขื˜ 10% ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื”. ื™ืฉืจืืœ: ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืœ 4.5% ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ. ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืงื™ื™ื ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืขืœืืช ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื›ืœ ื•ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ืœื ืชืจื•ืกืŸ, ื–ืืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืœื ืชื•ื•ืชืจ ืœื• ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ื•ืื™ื ื ื• ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืžืฆื‘ ื–ื”. ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ S&P ื”ื•ืจื™ื“ื” ืืช ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ื”ืืฉืจืื™ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœ-A ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืกื•ื›ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ื”ืฉืคืขืชื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœื›ืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ื ื—ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื›ื™ ื‘ืชื•ื ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืกื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ื™ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื” ืืช ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ื”ืืฉืจืื™ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืžืœื—ืžื” ื™ืชืคื•ื’ื’. ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช ืœื ืžืขื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ืคืชื— ืขื ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ืืฉืจืื™ ืืฉืจ ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืขื• ืขืœ ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉืžื’ืžืช ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ืžืชืžืชื ืช. ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืคื•ืจืกื ืœืงืจืืช ืกื•ืฃ ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืงืฃ ืชืžื•ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื™ืืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื”ืชืžืชืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช. ืื•ืœื ืžื ื’ื“, ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืจื•ื•ื—ืช ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸ ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœืžืชืŸ ืืช ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื‘ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2025. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ืชื‘ืกืกื•ืช ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ืžืขืœ ื™ืขื“ ื‘ื ืง-ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ื’ืจืขื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื•ื“ื ื• ื ื•ืชืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ ื•ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœ-8.5% (12 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืœืคื™ื) ืื•ืœื ืฆืคื•ื™ ืœื”ืชืžืชืŸ ืžืขื˜ ืœืงืจืืช ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื ื” ืœื›ื“ื™ 7.2% ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉื ืชื™, ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ื™ืจ ื‘ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืžื™ืกื™ื. ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืจืช ืฉืžืฉืชืงืคืช ืžืฉื ืช 2024 ืืœ ืชื•ืš 2025 ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืคื™ื, ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื›ืš ื•ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืืœ ืขื‘ืจ ื”ืขืชื™ื“. ื”ืฉืงืœ ื”ืชื—ื–ืง ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ, ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช ื”ืื’"ื— ื™ืจื“ื• ื•ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื™ื’ื• ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช ืขื•ื“ืฃ ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื›ื™ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืชืžื™ื“. ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ, ืฉื™ืจื“ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 0.2%. ืืจื”"ื‘: ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืขืœื” ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘-0.2%. ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ื”ืื˜ ืœ-2.4% ืž-2.5% ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื, ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2021. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ืฆืžื—ื” ื‘-2.8% ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื” (ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื) ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื”ืื™ืฆื”, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื’ื ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช (ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœื”) ืขืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™. ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™, ืกืขื™ืคื™ ืžืœืื™ ื•ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื” ื™ืจื“ื•. ืžื“ื“ ื”-ISM ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื” ื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืœ 47.2 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช. ืžื“ื“ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืคืชื™ืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืขื ืขืœื™ื” ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 54.9 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2023. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ืขืœื• ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘-0.4%. ื”ืžืฉืง ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 254 ืืœืฃ ืžืฉืจื•ืช, ืœืขื•ืžืช ืฆืคื™ ืฉืœ 140 ืืœืฃ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื• ืžืขืœื” ื‘-72 ืืœืฃ ืžืฉืจื•ืช. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ืžืฉืจื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžืจืฅ. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื™ืจื“ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 4.1% ื•ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืฉืขืชื™ ืขืœื” ื‘-0.4% ืœืงืฆื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ 4%. ืื™ืจื•ืคื”: ื”-ECB ื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื›ืฆืคื•ื™ ื‘-0.25% ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 3.25%, ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช. ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืจื•ืฆื” ืžืชื”ืœื™ืš ื™ืจื™ื“ืช ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื•ืžื‘ื™ืข ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืกื•ืชื” ื‘ื™ืขื“. ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ื™ืจื“ื” ืœืงืฆื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ 1.7%, ืœืขื•ืžืช 2.2% ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ, ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ืืคืจื™ืœ 2021. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™, ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืฆืžื— ื‘-0.4% ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื”, ืœืขื•ืžืช ืฆืคื™ ืฉืœ 0.2%. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืขืœื• ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘-0.2% ืžื“ื“ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื” ืขืœื” ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 45.9 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื ื˜ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืขืœื” ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 20.1 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืœืื—ืจ 4 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ืฆื™ื’ ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื—ื“ื”. ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื•ืจื“ื•ืช ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืฉื™ืฉืคื™ืขื• ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคืื™ืช. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืœ 6.4%. *ื”ืกืงื™ืจื” ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืœื™ื•ื 01.11.2024 ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื•/ืื• ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžื•ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื— | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืžื“ื ื™ื, ืฉืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ื•ื™ืชื‘ืจืจื• ื›ื—ืกืจื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืกืงื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™ ืื• ื›ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื•ืžืžืฆื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื™โ€œืข ื•/ืื• ื‘ื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื, ื–ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ

  • ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2024

    ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื™ื, ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื” ืžืœืžื“ืช ืฉืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืžื˜ื™ื‘ ืขื ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ (ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™) ื•ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืœื ืกืชืจื” ืื•ืชื”, ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœืกื™ืžื ื™ ื”ืฉืืœื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื•ืจื“ืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืชืจืžื• ืœืื™ ื”ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช. ืžื”ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉ ื•ืกื’ืจ ื‘ืขืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืขืจื™ื. ื”ื—ืฉืฉื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื—ื™ืชื” ืงืฉื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ืœื ืžืžืฉ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืกื•ืก ื‘ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™, ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื• ืžื”ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉืขืจื™ื ื—ื“ื•ืช ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ืขื•ืฆืžืช ื”ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื ื˜ ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืฉื•ืง ื•ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื”. ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืื ื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืชืคืชื•ืช ืœื‘ืฆืข ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ืคื•ื–ื™ืฆื™ื” ืขืœ ืกืžืš ื™ืžื™ื ืคื—ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืืฉืจ ืืœื• ืื™ื ื ืžื’ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืžืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืชืคื™ืกื”. ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืœ ื•ื”ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ืขืœื• ื‘-1.8% ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข, ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ืชืฉื•ืื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืžืขื˜ 10% (!!!) ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื”. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ ื“ื•ื•ื— ื›ื™ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืฉื•ืงืœ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืžืกื•ืช ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ื ื–ื™ืœื•ืช. ืื ื• ืขื“ื™ื ืœืคืจืกื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœืžืขืœื” ืž-20 ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืขื“ ื›ื” ื–ื” ืœื ืขื‘ืจ. ื™ืฉื ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื“ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ื“ืจ ื•ืœื ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœื’ื–ื™ืจื” ื–ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ. ืื™ื ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœืžื”ืœืš ื›ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื” ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ื›ืขืช, ื‘ื˜ื— ืฉืœื ืœืคื“ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื•ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช. ื‘ื ื™ืžื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื” ืฉื ื” ืœืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื”-7/10 ื•ืœืžืœื—ืžื”. ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœืฉื•ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื˜ื•ืคื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ื‘ื”ืงื“ื! ืœืกื™ื•ื ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื•ื”ืกืจืช ื”ืื™ื•ืžื™ืŸ, ืฉื”ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืœื‘ื™ืชื ื•ื™ื—ืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืืžื™ืชื™. ืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืื—ืœ ืฉื ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืžืœืืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืฉื ืช ืฉืงื˜ ื•ืฉืœื•ื ืœื›ื•ืœื. ื™ืฉืจืืœ: ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื” ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ืฆืžื™ื—ืช ื”ืžืฉืง ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื˜ื” ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 1.1%. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื ื•ืชืจ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™, ืกื‘ื™ื‘ 61% ื•ื’ื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื ื•ืชืจ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืจืžื•ืช ืฉืคืœ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ 2.7%. ืœืื•ืจ ื ืชื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ื”ืคืชืขื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืกืงืจ ืืžื•ืŸ ื”ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืืฃ ื—ืœ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืงืœ ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ืžืฉืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžื“ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืžื”ื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื”ื. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ืขืœื” ื‘-0.9%, ื›ืš ืฉื‘-12 ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžื“ื“ ืžืกื›ื ืขืœื™ื” ืฉืœ 3.6%. ื ืชื•ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืจื“ืช ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ื”ืืฉืจืื™ ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื” ืฉื”ืคื—ืชื” ื–ื• ื’ื•ืœืžื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื•ืง ืฉื—ื–ื” ื–ืืช (ื—ื–ื” ืืช ื”ื”ืคื—ืชื” ืืš ืœื ืืช ื’ื•ื“ืœื”). ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืื—ืจ ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ื’, ื’ื ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ืกื•ืœื• ืฉืœ ื—ืกืŸ ื ืกืจืืœืœื” ื‘ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ. ืืจื”"ื‘: ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘-0.5%, ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 4.75%-5%. ื–ืืช ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืขืžื“ื” ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืื– ื™ื•ืœื™ 2023. ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ื ื™ื— ืœ-2% ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ืฉื ื” ื”ื‘ืื”, ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื”ื—ื–ื•ื™ ืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ืžืขืœื” ืœ-4.4%. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืขืœื” ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ ื‘-0.2%, ืœืงืฆื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ 2.5%. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ืขืœื” ื‘-0.3%, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ื ื•ืชืจ ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื, ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืœ 3.2%. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืคื™, ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืฆืžื— ื‘-3% ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ 2024 (ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื). ืžื“ื“ ื”-ISM ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื” ืขืœื” ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 47.2 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช. ืžื“ื“ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืขืœื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ื ื™ื— ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 51.5 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ืขืœื• ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ ื‘-0.1% ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืฉืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช. ืื™ืจื•ืคื”: ื”-ECB ื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื›ืฆืคื•ื™ ื‘-0.25% ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 3.50%. ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืžืขื˜ ืืช ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืœื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ืœืฉื ื” ื”ื‘ืื”. ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื ื•ืชืจื” ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืขืœ 2.5% ื”ืฉื ื” ื•-2.2% ืœืฉื ื” ื”ื‘ืื”. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ื”ืื˜ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืœืงืฆื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ 2.2%, ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ื™ื•ืœื™.2021 ืžื“ื“ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ื”ืื˜ ืžืขื˜ ืœืงืฆื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ 2.8%. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืคื™, ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืฆืžื— ื‘-0.2% ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื”. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืขืœื• ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ ื‘-0.1%. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื ื˜ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœืจื“ืช ื•ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 9.3 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2023. *ื”ืกืงื™ืจื” ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืœื™ื•ื 01.10.2024 ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื•/ืื• ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžื•ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื— | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืžื“ื ื™ื, ืฉืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ื•ื™ืชื‘ืจืจื• ื›ื—ืกืจื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืกืงื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™ ืื• ื›ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื•ืžืžืฆื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื™โ€œืข ื•/ืื• ื‘ื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื, ื–ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ

  • ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2024

    ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื™ื, ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ื ืชืŸ ื”ืžื—ืฉื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืคื™ื–ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื” ื‘ื”ืฉืงืขื”. ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื—ืœ ืขื 3 ื™ืžื™ ืžืกื—ืจ ื”ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช ื—ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื ื–ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ื™ืคื ื™, ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ืœืื—ืจ ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื”, ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ืฉื‘ื• ื•ืชื™ืงื ื• ื“ื™ ืžื”ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืคืกื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆื™ื’ื• ืขืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืขืจื™ื ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื–ื” ื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื”ื ื™ื‘ ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื›ืœ ืืœื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ื ืกื’ืจ ื‘ืขืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›-1% ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืืฉืจ ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื•ืช ืชืฉื•ืื” ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจืช ืฉืœ ื›-7.8% ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื”. ื™ืฉืจืืœ: ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ื•ืœื™ ื”ืจืื” ืขืœื™ื” ืฉืœ 0.6%, ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ืงืฆื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ 3.2%. ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืœ 4.5% ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช, ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืขืžื” ื”ืžืฉืง ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“. ืคืจืžื™ื™ืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืง, ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื”ืขื™ืงืฉืช ื•ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื’ื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”, ื”ื ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื–ื•. ื”ื’ื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืงืฆื‘ ืฉืœ 8.1% ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ื•ืœื™ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”. ื–ืืช ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื™ืขื“ ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ 6.6% ื›ืืฉืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืขืช ืขืชื”, ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ 2025 ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืžื’ื•ื‘ืฉ. ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ, ื›ืš ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื“ื“ื™ ืขืจืš ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ืืฉืจืื™ ื•ืžื“ื“ื™ ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืžืฉืง ื•ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” โ€“ ื”ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื”ืจื—ื‘, ืฉื ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ 4% ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื ื•ืชืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ 63%. ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืฆื™ื’ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžืขื˜ ืขื’ื•ืžื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฆื•ื ื”ืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืจืฉื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื•ื’ื ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืจืฉื ืขืœื™ื” ืฆื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืืจื”"ื‘: ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืขืœื” ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ื‘-0.2%, ื”ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื•ื”ืŸ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื”, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช. ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ื™ืจื“ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 2.9%, ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ืžืจืฅ 2021. ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืฆืžื— ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘-3% (ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื), ืœืขื•ืžืช 2.8% ื‘ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื ื‘ืข ืžืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืขืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช. ื”ืžืฉืง ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 114 ืืœืฃ ืžืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืžืชื—ืช ืœืฆืคื™ ืฉืœ 175 ืืœืฃ. ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื• ื’ื ื”ื ืžื˜ื”. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ืขืœื” ื‘ืžืคืชื™ืข ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 4.3%, ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2021. ืžื“ื“ ื”-ISM ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื™ืจื“ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 46.6 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืž-48.5 ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ื. ืžื“ื“ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืจืฉื ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ืž-48.8 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืœ-51.4. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืชื™ืขื• ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ืขื ืขืœื™ื” ืฉืœ 1%, ืœืขื•ืžืช ืฆืคื™ ืฉืœ 0.3% ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื›ืš ืฉื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืขืœื” ืœ-2.7%, ืž-2% ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืงื“ื ืœื•, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ืœื™ ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืจื™ืืœื™ื™ื. ืื™ืจื•ืคื”: ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืขืœืชื” ืžืขื˜ ืœืงืฆื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ 2.6%, ืž-2.5% ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ื•ืœื™. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™, ื›ืœื›ืœืช ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืฆืžื—ื” ื‘-0.3% ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื”, ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ืžื“ื“ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื™ืฆืจื ื™ ื™ืจื“ ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 45.6 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืž-45.8 ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ื•ืœื™, ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื”. ืžื“ื“ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืื˜ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 51.4 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืœืขื•ืžืช 52.5 ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืš. ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ื™ืจื“ื• ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ื‘-0.3%, ืœืขื•ืžืช ืฆืคื™ ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ 0.1%. ืžื“ื“ ื”ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื ื˜ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ื™ืจื“ ื‘ื—ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 17.9 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืž-43.7 ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ื, ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงืฆื™ื” ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช ืฉืœ ืื™ ื”ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืœื›ืœืช ื”ื’ื•ืฉ. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื– ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2023. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืื™ืจื• ืขืœื” ืœ-6.5% ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ืž-6.4% ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™. *ื”ืกืงื™ืจื” ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ืœื™ื•ื 01.09.2024 ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื•/ืื• ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžื•ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื— | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืžื“ื ื™ื, ืฉืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ื•ื™ืชื‘ืจืจื• ื›ื—ืกืจื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ | ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืกืงื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™ ืื• ื›ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื•ืžืžืฆื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื™โ€œืข ื•/ืื• ื‘ื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื, ื–ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ

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